How often do car fires happen?

Quick facts

  • One in eight fires in the US is a highway vehicle fire, according to the National Fire Protection Association
  • 75 percent of highway vehicle fires are caused by mechanical failure or malfunction, not collisions
  • Vehicle fires caused by collisions account for a disproportionate share of fire-related deaths despite being less common than mechanical-failure fires
  • 45 percent of vehicle fires are caused by fluid leaks near hot engine or exhaust components, all preventable with regular maintenance
  • A vehicle fire occurred every 96 seconds in the US during the early 2000s, according to NFPA data from that period

After writing about the causes of vehicle fires, we heard from readers who felt that a vehicle fire was unlikely to happen to them. We wanted to share some numbers so drivers can make their own judgment about the risk.

One in eight fires in the United States is a highway vehicle fire, according to the National Fire Protection Association. During the early 2000s, 33 vehicle fires were reported every hour across the country. Between 2002 and 2005, approximately one person died per day as a result of a car fire.

Between 2014 and 2016, the most recent multi-year period for which the NFPA published averages at the time we last updated this post, there were an average of 171,500 vehicle fires reported annually in the US. Those fires resulted in 345 deaths, 1,300 injuries, and accounted for 13 percent of all reported fires.

The numbers that matter most

The statistic that stands out: 75 percent of highway vehicle fires are caused by mechanical failure or malfunction, not collisions. Vehicle fires that do result from collisions are responsible for a disproportionately high share of deaths, but the majority of fires are not accident-related.

That means most vehicle fires are preventable.

Fluid leaks are the primary culprit. Oil, transmission fluid, power steering fluid, brake fluid, and fuel can all ignite when they come into contact with hot engine or exhaust components. Damaged or exposed wiring can produce sparks that ignite an available accelerant. Neither of those requires an accident. They are maintenance issues.

Young drivers are statistically more likely to be involved in a vehicle fire incident, according to the National Fire Incident Reporting System, with young males at higher risk than young females.

What to watch for

If your vehicle is smoking, overheating, or smells hot, do not wait to see what happens. Pull over, turn off the engine, get everyone out of the vehicle, and stay well away from it. Do not open the hood if there is smoke coming from it. The oxygen will intensify the fire. Call 911.

Regular inspection is the practical response to these numbers. Having a trusted shop look over your vehicle twice a year, especially for fluid leaks and wiring condition, puts you in the 25 percent of vehicle fires that were not caused by a mechanical failure that could have been found and fixed. Happy motoring.

Frequently asked questions

Common questions

What causes most vehicle fires?

Most vehicle fires, roughly 75 percent, are caused by mechanical failure or malfunction, not accidents. Fluid leaks are the most common contributing factor: oil, transmission fluid, power steering fluid, brake fluid, or fuel leaking onto hot engine or exhaust components can ignite. Worn or damaged wiring is another leading cause. These are all conditions that regular inspection can identify before they become dangerous.

Are vehicle fires preventable?

In most cases, yes. Because the majority of vehicle fires are caused by mechanical failure rather than collisions, they are preventable with regular maintenance. Taking care of fluid leaks promptly, addressing electrical faults when they appear, and keeping up with routine inspections significantly reduces the risk. If a vehicle starts smoking, smells hot, or shows any sign of overheating, pull over immediately, turn it off, and get well away from it.

What should I do if my car catches fire?

Pull over as quickly as it is safe to do so, turn off the engine, and get everyone out of the vehicle and well away from it, at least 100 feet. Do not open the hood if you see smoke or flames coming from it, as the rush of oxygen can make the fire significantly worse. Call 911 and do not attempt to fight the fire yourself. Vehicle fires can spread rapidly and produce toxic fumes.

How can I reduce the risk of a vehicle fire?

Keep up with regular maintenance, especially fluid leak repairs. Have the electrical system inspected if you notice flickering lights, burning smells, or blown fuses. If you see fluid dripping from your vehicle, have it checked, because even a small oil leak can become a fire risk if it reaches the exhaust. Have your vehicle inspected by a trusted shop at least twice a year even if you do not drive many miles.

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